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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Congo: Economy
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Congo
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: Congo's economy is a mixture of village agriculture
and handicrafts, a beginning industrial sector based largely on
oil, supporting services, and a government characterized by
budget problems and overstaffing. A reform program, supported by
the IMF and World Bank, ran into difficulties in 1990-91 because
of problems in changing to a democratic political regime and a
heavy debt-servicing burden. Oil has supplanted forestry as the
mainstay of the economy, providing about two-thirds of
government revenues and exports. In the early 1980s rapidly
rising oil revenues enabled Congo to finance large-scale
development projects with growth averaging 5% annually, one of
the highest rates in Africa. During the period 1987-91, however,
growth has slowed to an average of roughly 1.5% annually, only
half the population growth rate. The new government, responding
to pressure from businessmen and the electorate, has promised to
reduce the bureaucracy and government regulation but little has
been accomplished as of early 1993.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $2.5
billion (1991 est.)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 0.6% (1991 est.)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $1,070 (1991 est.)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): -0.6% (1991 est.)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: NA%
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $765 million; expenditures $952 million,
including capital expenditures of $65 million (1990)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1990)</l>
<l> commodities: crude oil 72%, lumber, plywood, coffee, cocoa,
sugar, diamonds</l>
<l> partners: US, France, other EC countries</l>
<l>Imports: $704 million (c.i.f., 1990)</l>
<l> commodities: foodstuffs, consumer goods, intermediate
manufactures, capital equipment</l>
<l> partners: France, Italy, other EC countries, US, Germany,
Spain, Japan, Brazil</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $4.1 billion (1991)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 1.2% (1989); accounts for
33% of GDP; includes petroleum
</p>
<p>Electricity: 140,000 kW capacity; 315 million kWh produced,
135 kWh per capita (1991)
</p>
<p>Industries: petroleum, cement, lumbering, brewing, sugar
milling, palm oil, soap, cigarette
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for 13% of GDP (including fishing and
forestry); cassava accounts for 90% of food output; other crops
- rice, corn, peanuts, vegetables; cash crops include coffee and
cocoa; forest products important export earner; imports over 90%
of food needs
</p>
<p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $63
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-90), $2.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid
(1979-89), $15 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $338
million
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 CFA franc (CFAF)=100 centimes
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF)
per US$1 - 274.06 (January 1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991),
272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: calendar year
</p></body></article></text>